Backbond
A product by Optagon LabsETH ZürichUniversity of California, Berkeley
Metals & alloys

Design SuperiorAlloys Fast WithPhysics-Driven Simulation

A design assistant that co-optimizes every requirement at once, finding the right chemistry, temper and forming route together.

Create thousands of digital twins, simulate strength, conductivity, corrosion and what a thousand hours at temperature does to all three, then run only the most promising ones.

See the platform
Today's R&D challenge

Trial and error, balancing many conflicting requirements

Raise the yield strength and the conductivity goes down with it. Anneal it back and the part loses the spring the joint depends on. Plate it to hold contact resistance and the plating creeps at temperature. Fix all three and the tool life halves and the part misses its cost. Then whatever works still has to run on the press you own, clear the restricted substance list, and come from a grade the mill will still roll next year.

Precision stamped contact
for an EV power module
01

The project

A new R&D project is defined.

TARGET ConductivityYield strengthStress relaxationFormabilityCycle time
02

The targets

Target properties are defined, and they conflict. Fixing one ruins another.

03

The search

Millions of candidate specifications, because every chemistry can be rolled, formed and aged in many ways. With mill trials and press time, only a few are ever run.

ManufacturabilityPPAP qualificationSupply chain
04

The risk

A specification that works is only the start. These three are targets of their own, optimised for last when the part is hardest to change. Any one can end the program.

The current build and test process

(up to several years)

Requirements

Coupon trials

First articles

Relaxes at temperature

Regrade

Pilot run

Cracks on forming

Regrade

Tool life kills the rate

Regrade

PPAP

What Backbond does

Backbond co-optimizes for all the targets simultaneously

The same four steps, answered. Backbond hands the team a short list of specifications that already hit every target and already survive the press, the qualification and the supply chain.

Target
Conductivity
Define a Number
Yield strength
Define a Number
Stress relaxation
Define a Number
Formability
Define a Number
Cycle time
Define a Number
01

Define

The product, the targets it must hit, and the parameters to change: alloy family, temper and anneal, strip gauge, plating stack.

02

Simulate

Backbond simulates all possible combinations and evaluates every one, chemistry and process together.

SpecConductivityYield strengthStress relaxationFormabilityCycle timeCost 1Validate2Confident3Validate4Validate5Confident
03

Rank

The candidate specifications are ranked by promise and confidence, and those are not the same thing.

Technical properties checkManufacturabilityPPAP qualificationSupply chain
04

Test

The team proceeds to the coupon and the pilot run with the most promising specifications. By default, these satisfy all targets and constraints.

The Backbond process

(the redesign loops removed)

Requirements

Simulation + focused coupon and pilot runs

PPAP

Simulation removes the regrade loops, and those are where the months go. Qualification still runs on the real press, and no software shortens it.

Under the hood

How Backbond simulates a design candidate

Four levels of physics decide what a metal actually does, and Backbond reasons about how all four interplay to set every spec.

Design space, comprised of many versions of the alloy and its process
The candidate, dissected, and where it has to survive
Contact platingSn over Ni barrier, 2.5 µmsets contact resistanceGrain structure8 µm, 35% cold workedsets yield strengthPrecipitatesNi₂Si, 3 to 8 nm, aged 450 °Csets the strength it keepsHeat, current and vibration150 °C, 20 A, 1000 h under loadThe joint it lives inbolted busbar, 60,000 thermal cycles
What sets the final properties
Alloy physicsthe elements and the phases inside the metal
Surface physicsthe plating, the oxide, and where two metals meet
Morphologythe grain, the texture and the shape of the part
Environmentthe heat, the current and the years under load
Final product properties
Candidate 733
Reasoning chain 1 / 250
Alloythe precipitates that give it yield scatter electronsand every megapascal is paid for in conductivity···
Surfacethe tin holds contact resistance down while it is newand at 150 °C it creeps where the force is highest···
Morphology35% cold work raises the yield strengthand stores the residual stress that later relaxes···
Environmenta thousand hours at 150 °C under loadthe contact force decays before the warranty does···
Together they predict
Conductivity72% IACS ± 4%
Force at 1000 h81% ± 9%
Cost per part$0.41 ± 11%
Use cases

A few example use cases

Every one is the same shape: a handful of targets that fight each other, and one specification that has to hit them all.

01Strength against conductivity

A contact must carry more current and still take the forming. Find the alloy, temper and anneal that hold both, while keeping stress relaxation, plating adhesion and cost.

02Contact force that decays

A connector must hold its force after a thousand hours at 150 °C. Find the alloy, cold work and plating stack that resist the relaxation, while keeping conductivity, formability and cost.

03Distortion after heat treat

A machined part must come out of the furnace inside 20 µm. Find the grade, fixture and quench route that hold the geometry, while keeping hardness, fatigue life and cycle time.

04Fatigue at a stress riser

A shaft must reach ten million cycles at a fillet nobody can make larger. Find the alloy, surface treatment and residual stress that hold the life, while keeping hardness, cost and machinability.

05Free machining without lead

A grade must lose its lead and still run at the same feed. Find the substitute chemistry, inclusion control and tooling that hold the cycle time, while keeping strength, finish and tool life.

06Mixed-metal joints

An aluminium part must bolt to steel without corroding at the joint. Find the alloy, coating and isolation that stop it, while keeping strength, weight and assembly time.

07Chrome-free finishing

A surface must drop its hexavalent chrome and still pass salt spray. Find the chemistry, pretreatment and cure that hold the corrosion life, while keeping appearance, adhesion and cost.

08Lightweighting

A steel component must become aluminium and keep its fatigue life. Find the alloy, section and heat treatment that carry the load, while keeping stiffness, forming route and cost.

09Recycled content

A part must carry more secondary metal and still hit spec. Find the chemistry, refining and tolerance on tramp elements that hold the properties, while keeping consistency, appearance and cost.

10Element supply shock

A grade must be replaced when nickel or cobalt doubles. Find the alternative chemistry and process window that hold every validated property, without reopening qualification.

What it makes possible

The future of the metals R&D organization

How Optagon Labs imagines the metals company of the future, drawn from work with hundreds of R&D teams: one brain coordinating specialised agents that work in parallel, running development end to end across the portfolio.

One central brain

Coordinating work across every function

New programmes

Designing into a market the company has never supplied

a first busbar programme

Putting a known alloy into a process it has never survived

a spring temper through deep drawing

Designing for a volume the shop floor has never held

a million parts a month
Benchmark matching

Reverse-engineering a competitor’s part and beating it on one axis

a rival’s contact force at temperature

Matching an incumbent grade’s performance from a cheaper chemistry

beryllium performance without beryllium

Hitting a customer’s target spec from their print alone

a contact at reference resistance
Strength and life

Raising strength without giving up what pays for it

more yield, same conductivity

Designing for a life the current grade cannot reach

ten million cycles at the fillet

Holding properties through the process that removes them

cold work that survives the anneal
Surface and corrosion

Designing the surface that decides how the part ages

plating that does not creep at 150 °C

Stopping a joint from corroding itself apart

aluminium bolted to steel

Replacing a finish the regulator has taken away

salt spray without hexavalent chrome
Process & scale-up

Designing an alloy for the presses and furnaces the plant already owns

the same die, a harder temper

Adapting a part to a different plant’s equipment

machined to net-shape formed

Correcting a part that passes first article and drifts at volume

distortion across the furnace load
Redesign under change

Finding a new chemistry that holds every property after a cost shift

holding hardness after a grade swap

Redesigning fast when a mill discontinues a grade

life after a delisting

Absorbing heat and lot variability without losing spec

tramp elements between heats
Materials restriction

Removing an element the regulator or the market rejects

lead out of a free-machining steel

Replacing a process chemical at the same performance

a trivalent passivate

Meeting a restriction across a whole portfolio

one pass, every part number
Qualification variants

Requalifying one part to a second customer’s standard

the same contact, a new spec

Adjusting to a different standard’s test method

a new salt spray, the same finish

Substituting to locally available mill supply without redesigning

a domestic strip, same properties
No precedent

Designing where the company has no data and no history

a first additive-made component

Standing up a new application from the physics and the literature alone

an alloy that machines and conducts